The Urology Bank of 1111 MCQs by Dr. Atif A. Katib

Author:Dr. Atif A. Katib [Katib, Atif A.]
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: PartridgeSingapore
Published: 2019-08-28T04:00:00+00:00

KIDNEY CYSTS AND TUMORS

Directions: each question has 4 choices, select ONE BEST answer to each question

1) The etiology of renal cysts includes all of the following, EXCEPT:

a. autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD)

b. developmental cystic renal disease

c. inherited cystic renal disease

d. systemic disease with associated renal cysts

2) Inherited renal cystic disease(s) include(s) the following:

a. glomerulocystic kidney disease (GCKD)

b. Juvenile nephronophthisis (JNPHP)

c. medullary cystic kidney disease

d. all of the above

3) What is (are) true regarding the etiology of medullary cystic kidney disease (MCKD)?

a. mutations in the MCKD1 (chromosome 1q21) gene

b. mutations in the MCKD2 (chromosome 16q12) gene

c. inherited in an autosomal dominant fashion

d. all of the above

4) What is the proper terminology of a renal cyst with the following characteristics: well-marginated, anechoic, with thin visible back wall, positive posterior acoustic enhancement, no septations, and no calcifications?

a. hyperattenuating renal cyst

b. solitary renal cyst

c. uncomplicated renal cyst

d. focal renal cyst

5) What is the likelihood that Bosniak type III renal cysts accompany malignant masses?

a. never

b. unlikely

c. likely

d. always

6) What type of Bosniak renal cysts accompanies tumor masses in 5% of cases?

a. I

b. II

c. III

d. IV

7) Regarding simple renal cysts, fluid attenuation on non-contrast CT series is:

a. < - 10 HU

b. < - 20 HU

c. < 10 HU

d. < 20 HU

8) What is the most common cause of genetic ESRD in children?

a. autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease

b. autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

c. multicystic dysplastic kidney disease

d. juvenile nephronophthisis

9) What is false concerning end-stage renal disease (ESRD)?

a. ARPKD accounts for 5% of ESRD in children

b. more than one-half of patients with ARPKD require kidney transplant before age 20 years

c. ADPKD is a common cause of ESRD

d. uncommonly, juvenile nephronophthisis causes ESRD in children

10) What is false concerning renal malignancy?

a. RCC occurs in < 5% of patients with tuberous sclerosis

b. glomerulocystic kidney disease, renal tumors are typically solitary, large, with central necrosis

c. Von Hippel-Lindau syndrome, renal tumors are frequently bilateral and multicentric

d. acquired cystic disease, tumors are commonly bilateral, and metastatic in 15% of cases

11) What is true regarding cancer incidence in renal cystic diseases?

a. ˃ 90% in Bosniak type IV renal cysts

b. patients receiving renal transplants for polycystic kidney disease is 48% higher than that expected in the general population

c. all of the above

d. simple renal cysts might turn malignant in ˂ 4% of cases

12) What is false concerning ADPKD patients?

a. hepatic cysts are the most common extra-renal manifestation

b. might experience cyst hemorrhage, renal infection, or nephrolithiasis

c. typically, complain of flank pain or intermittent hematuria in the early twenties

d. hypertension and CRF commonly occur in the fifth decade of life

13) What is true regarding ADPKD patients?

a. progress to ESRD in the sixth decade of life

b. hypertension is seen in 80% of patients with ADPKD aged 20-34 years

c. aortic valve stenosis in 25%

d. manifestations are more significant in patients with the PKD2 genotype

14) Antenatal sonography is the diagnostic tool for the following condition:

a. glomerulocystic kidney disease

b. developmental cystic renal disease

c. Juvenile nephronophthisis

d. medullary cystic kidney disease

15) The likelihood of malignancy in category IIF (indeterminate) renal cysts is:

a. 20%

b. 30%

c. 40%

d. 50%

16) What is the treatment of a 3-cm renal mass suggestive of RCC adjacent to a huge renal cyst?

a. cyst aspiration and sclerosis

b. partial nephrectomy

c. endoscopic marsupialization and fulguration of the cyst

d. administration of TKIs

17) Which of the following conditions carries the best prognosis?

a. acquired cystic renal disease

b. juvenile nephronophthisis

c. medullary sponge kidney

d. bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney

18) Which of the following conditions carries the worst prognosis?

a. acquired cystic renal disease

b. juvenile nephronophthisis

c. medullary sponge kidney

d. bilateral multicystic dysplastic kidney

19) What can NOT be a manifestation of a renal tumor?

a.

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